[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["很难理解","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["信息或示例代码不正确","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["没有我需要的信息/示例","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC)：2025-08-17。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eBigQuery workload management allows users to manage compute resources for data analysis and processing, offering options for how resources are charged.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTwo models are available for workload management: on-demand billing, which charges per bytes processed, and capacity-based billing, which involves allocating processing capacity with optional autoscaling.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers can choose between on-demand and capacity-based billing models and combine both, offering flexibility in managing resources and costs.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBigQuery utilizes jobs to manage tasks such as loading, exporting, querying, and copying data, with each job being tracked asynchronously for its progress.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eSlots, which are virtual compute units, are used by BigQuery to execute SQL queries, and they are managed through reservations in the capacity-based pricing model, allowing for organized allocation for different needs.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Introduction to workload management\n===================================\n\nBigQuery workload management lets you allocate and manage compute\nresources available for data analysis and processing, and also lets you specify how\nyou are charged for those resources.\n\nWorkload management models\n--------------------------\n\nBigQuery offers two models of workload management.\nWith *on-demand* billing, you pay for the number of bytes processed\nwhen you query or process your data. With *capacity-based* billing, you\nallocate processing capacity for workloads with the option of automatically\nscaling capacity up and down when needed.\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nYou can switch between on-demand and capacity-based billing models at any time.\nYou can also use a [combination of the two models](/bigquery/docs/reservations-workload-management#combine_reservations_with_on-demand_billing).\n\nChoosing a model\n----------------\n\nConsider the following when choosing a workload management model:\n\nJobs\n----\n\nEvery time you [load](/bigquery/docs/loading-data),\n[export](/bigquery/exporting-data-from-bigquery),\n[query](/bigquery/docs/running-queries), or\n[copy data](/bigquery/docs/managing-tables#copy-table),\nBigQuery automatically creates, schedules, and runs a job\nthat tracks the progress of the task.\n\nBecause jobs can potentially take a long time to complete, they run asynchronously and can be\npolled for their status. Shorter actions, such as listing resources or getting metadata, are not\nmanaged as jobs.\n\nFor more information about jobs, see [Manage jobs](/bigquery/docs/managing-jobs).\n\nSlots\n-----\n\nA BigQuery slot is a *virtual compute unit* used by BigQuery\nto execute SQL queries or other [job types](/bigquery/docs/managing-jobs).\nDuring the execution of a query, BigQuery automatically determines\nhow many slots are used by the query. The number of slots used depends on the\namount of data being processed, the complexity of the query, and the number of\nslots available.\n\nTo learn more about slots and how they are used, see [understand slots](/bigquery/docs/slots).\n\nReservations\n------------\n\nIn the capacity-based pricing model, slots are allocated in pools\ncalled *reservations* . Reservations let you assign slots in ways that make sense\nfor your organization. For example, you might create a reservation named `prod`\nfor production workloads, and a separate reservation named `test` for testing,\nso that test jobs don't compete for capacity with production workloads. Or, you\nmight create reservations for different departments in your organization.\n\nFor more information about reservations, see [workload management using reservations](/bigquery/docs/reservations-workload-management).\n\nBI Engine\n---------\n\nBI Engine is a fast, in-memory analysis service that accelerates many\nSQL queries in BigQuery by intelligently caching the data you use most\nfrequently. BI Engine can accelerate SQL queries from any source,\nincluding those written by data visualization tools, and can manage cached\ntables for ongoing optimization.\n\n[BI Engine reservations](/bigquery/docs/bi-engine-reserve-capacity)\nare allocated in GiB of memory and managed separately from slot reservations.\n\nFor more information about BI Engine, see [Introduction to BI Engine](/bigquery/docs/bi-engine-intro).\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- [Understand slots](/bigquery/docs/slots)\n- [Understand reservations](/bigquery/docs/reservations-workload-management)\n- Learn about [on-demand pricing](/bigquery/pricing#on_demand_pricing)\n- Learn about [capacity-based\n pricing](/bigquery/pricing#capacity_compute_analysis_pricing)\n- [Estimate and control costs](/bigquery/docs/best-practices-costs)\n- [Create custom cost controls](/bigquery/docs/custom-quotas)"]]
