[[["容易理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["確實解決了我的問題","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["難以理解","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["資訊或程式碼範例有誤","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["缺少我需要的資訊/範例","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻譯問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["上次更新時間:2025-07-08 (世界標準時間)。"],[[["Last-mile security is crucial for protecting backend services from direct attacks, preventing developers from bypassing API proxies to reach backend URLs."],["Client TLS/SSL, also known as mutual authentication, is the primary method for ensuring last-mile security between API proxies and backend services."],["Outbound authentication, such as using API keys or OAuth client credentials, can be implemented to secure backend services, with API keys stored in key/value maps."],["OAuth client credentials offer a revocable layer of security compared to API keys, and require the backend to be capable of issuing and validating access tokens."],["SAML assertions can also be used to secure outbound XML requests, allowing backend services to authenticate and authorize requests originating from API proxies."]]],[]]