Acquisisci metriche lato client personalizzate utilizzando OpenCensus

Questo documento descrive come acquisire metriche lato client personalizzate utilizzando OpenCensus. Le metriche personalizzate lato client possono aiutarti a trovare l'origine della latenza nel tuo sistema. Per ulteriori informazioni, vedi Identificare il punto di latenza.

Le librerie client Spanner forniscono anche statistiche e tracce utilizzando il framework di osservabilità OpenCensus. Per impostazione predefinita, il framework è disabilitato.

Prima di acquisire le metriche personalizzate, devi conoscere le metriche personalizzate associate a OpenCensus e avere a disposizione le librerie delle metriche OpenCensus e l'esportatore Google Cloud Observability per la tua applicazione.

Acquisire la latenza di andata e ritorno del client

La latenza round trip del client è la durata in millisecondi tra il primo byte della richiesta API Spanner che il client invia al database e l'ultimo byte della risposta che il client riceve dal database. La richiesta API può essere inviata tramite Google Front End (GFE) o il frontend dell'API Cloud Spanner.

Puoi acquisire la latenza round trip del client utilizzando il seguente codice:

Java

static void captureGrpcMetric(DatabaseClient dbClient) {
  // Add io.grpc:grpc-census and io.opencensus:opencensus-exporter-stats-stackdriver
  //  dependencies to enable gRPC metrics.

  // Register basic gRPC views.
  RpcViews.registerClientGrpcBasicViews();

  // Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics to Stackdriver Monitoring.
  // Exporters use Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
  // See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
  // for more details.
  try {
    StackdriverStatsExporter.createAndRegister();
  } catch (IOException | IllegalStateException e) {
    System.out.println("Error during StackdriverStatsExporter");
  }

  try (ResultSet resultSet =
      dbClient
          .singleUse() // Execute a single read or query against Cloud Spanner.
          .executeQuery(Statement.of("SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums"))) {
    while (resultSet.next()) {
      System.out.printf(
          "%d %d %s", resultSet.getLong(0), resultSet.getLong(1), resultSet.getString(2));
    }
  }
}

Go


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"regexp"

	"cloud.google.com/go/spanner"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"

	"contrib.go.opencensus.io/exporter/stackdriver"
	"go.opencensus.io/plugin/ocgrpc"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats/view"
)

var validDatabasePattern = regexp.MustCompile("^projects/(?P<project>[^/]+)/instances/(?P<instance>[^/]+)/databases/(?P<database>[^/]+)$")

func queryWithGRPCMetric(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	projectID, _, _, err := parseDatabaseName(db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx, db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Register OpenCensus views.
	if err := view.Register(ocgrpc.DefaultClientViews...); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Create OpenCensus Stackdriver exporter.
	sd, err := stackdriver.NewExporter(stackdriver.Options{
		ProjectID: projectID,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// It is imperative to invoke flush before your main function exits
	defer sd.Flush()

	// Start the metrics exporter
	sd.StartMetricsExporter()
	defer sd.StopMetricsExporter()

	stmt := spanner.Statement{SQL: `SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums`}
	iter := client.Single().Query(ctx, stmt)
	defer iter.Stop()
	for {
		row, err := iter.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			return nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var singerID, albumID int64
		var albumTitle string
		if err := row.Columns(&singerID, &albumID, &albumTitle); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d %s\n", singerID, albumID, albumTitle)
	}
}

func parseDatabaseName(databaseUri string) (project, instance, database string, err error) {
	matches := validDatabasePattern.FindStringSubmatch(databaseUri)
	if len(matches) == 0 {
		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse database name from %q according to pattern %q",
			databaseUri, validDatabasePattern.String())
	}
	return matches[1], matches[2], matches[3], nil
}

L'app di esempio di codice aggiunge la stringa roundtrip_latency al nome della metrica quando viene esportata in Cloud Monitoring. Puoi cercare questa metrica in Cloud Monitoring utilizzando la stringa aggiunta.

Acquisire la latenza di GFE

La latenza GFE è la durata in millisecondi tra il momento in cui la rete Google riceve una chiamata di procedura remota dal client e il momento in cui GFE riceve il primo byte della risposta.

Puoi acquisire la latenza di GFE utilizzando il seguente codice:

Java

static void captureGfeMetric(DatabaseClient dbClient) {
  // Capture GFE Latency.
  SpannerRpcViews.registerGfeLatencyView();

  // Capture GFE Latency and GFE Header missing count.
  // SpannerRpcViews.registerGfeLatencyAndHeaderMissingCountViews();

  // Capture only GFE Header missing count.
  // SpannerRpcViews.registerGfeHeaderMissingCountView();

  // Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics to Stackdriver Monitoring.
  // Exporters use Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
  // See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
  // for more details.
  try {
    StackdriverStatsExporter.createAndRegister();
  } catch (IOException | IllegalStateException e) {
    System.out.println("Error during StackdriverStatsExporter");
  }

  try (ResultSet resultSet =
      dbClient
          .singleUse() // Execute a single read or query against Cloud Spanner.
          .executeQuery(Statement.of("SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums"))) {
    while (resultSet.next()) {
      System.out.printf(
          "%d %d %s", resultSet.getLong(0), resultSet.getLong(1), resultSet.getString(2));
    }
  }
}

Go


// We are in the process of adding support in the Cloud Spanner Go Client Library
// to capture the gfe_latency metric.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	spanner "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/apiv1"
	sppb "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/apiv1/spannerpb"
	gax "github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2"
	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"

	"contrib.go.opencensus.io/exporter/stackdriver"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats/view"
	"go.opencensus.io/tag"
)

// OpenCensus Tag, Measure and View.
var (
	KeyMethod    = tag.MustNewKey("grpc_client_method")
	GFELatencyMs = stats.Int64("cloud.google.com/go/spanner/gfe_latency",
		"Latency between Google's network receives an RPC and reads back the first byte of the response", "ms")
	GFELatencyView = view.View{
		Name:        "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/gfe_latency",
		Measure:     GFELatencyMs,
		Description: "Latency between Google's network receives an RPC and reads back the first byte of the response",
		Aggregation: view.Distribution(0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 13.0,
			16.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 65.0, 80.0, 100.0, 130.0, 160.0, 200.0, 250.0,
			300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 650.0, 800.0, 1000.0, 2000.0, 5000.0, 10000.0, 20000.0, 50000.0,
			100000.0),
		TagKeys: []tag.Key{KeyMethod}}
)

func queryWithGFELatency(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	projectID, _, _, err := parseDatabaseName(db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Register OpenCensus views.
	err = view.Register(&GFELatencyView)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Create OpenCensus Stackdriver exporter.
	sd, err := stackdriver.NewExporter(stackdriver.Options{
		ProjectID: projectID,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// It is imperative to invoke flush before your main function exits
	defer sd.Flush()

	// Start the metrics exporter
	sd.StartMetricsExporter()
	defer sd.StopMetricsExporter()

	// Create a session.
	req := &sppb.CreateSessionRequest{Database: db}
	session, err := client.CreateSession(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Execute a SQL query and retrieve the GFE server-timing header in gRPC metadata.
	req2 := &sppb.ExecuteSqlRequest{
		Session: session.Name,
		Sql:     `SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums`,
	}
	var md metadata.MD
	resultSet, err := client.ExecuteSql(ctx, req2, gax.WithGRPCOptions(grpc.Header(&md)))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for _, row := range resultSet.GetRows() {
		for _, value := range row.GetValues() {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s ", value.GetStringValue())
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "\n")
	}

	// The format is: "server-timing: gfet4t7; dur=[GFE latency in ms]"
	srvTiming := md.Get("server-timing")[0]
	gfeLtcy, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimPrefix(srvTiming, "gfet4t7; dur="))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// Record GFE t4t7 latency with OpenCensus.
	ctx, err = tag.New(ctx, tag.Insert(KeyMethod, "ExecuteSql"))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	stats.Record(ctx, GFELatencyMs.M(int64(gfeLtcy)))

	return nil
}

L'app di esempio di codice aggiunge la stringa spanner/gfe_latency al nome della metrica quando viene esportata in Cloud Monitoring. Puoi cercare questa metrica in Cloud Monitoring utilizzando la stringa aggiunta.

Acquisire la latenza delle richieste API Cloud Spanner

La latenza delle richieste dell'API Cloud Spanner è il tempo in secondi tra il primo byte della richiesta del client ricevuto dal frontend dell'API Cloud Spanner e l'ultimo byte della risposta inviato dal frontend dell'API Cloud Spanner.

Questa metrica di latenza è disponibile nell'ambito delle metriche di Spanner in Cloud Monitoring.

Acquisire la latenza delle query

La latenza delle query è la durata in millisecondi per eseguire query SQL nel database Spanner.

Puoi acquisire la latenza delle query utilizzando il seguente codice:

Java

private static final String MILLISECOND = "ms";
static final List<Double> RPC_MILLIS_BUCKET_BOUNDARIES =
    Collections.unmodifiableList(
        Arrays.asList(
            0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 13.0,
            16.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 65.0, 80.0, 100.0, 130.0, 160.0, 200.0, 250.0,
            300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 650.0, 800.0, 1000.0, 2000.0, 5000.0, 10000.0, 20000.0, 50000.0,
            100000.0));
static final Aggregation AGGREGATION_WITH_MILLIS_HISTOGRAM =
    Distribution.create(BucketBoundaries.create(RPC_MILLIS_BUCKET_BOUNDARIES));

static MeasureDouble QUERY_STATS_ELAPSED =
    MeasureDouble.create(
        "cloud.google.com/java/spanner/query_stats_elapsed",
        "The execution of the query",
        MILLISECOND);

// Register the view. It is imperative that this step exists,
// otherwise recorded metrics will be dropped and never exported.
static View QUERY_STATS_LATENCY_VIEW = View
    .create(Name.create("cloud.google.com/java/spanner/query_stats_elapsed"),
        "The execution of the query",
        QUERY_STATS_ELAPSED,
        AGGREGATION_WITH_MILLIS_HISTOGRAM,
        Collections.emptyList());

static ViewManager manager = Stats.getViewManager();
private static final StatsRecorder STATS_RECORDER = Stats.getStatsRecorder();

static void captureQueryStatsMetric(DatabaseClient dbClient) {
  manager.registerView(QUERY_STATS_LATENCY_VIEW);

  // Enable OpenCensus exporters to export metrics to Cloud Monitoring.
  // Exporters use Application Default Credentials to authenticate.
  // See https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/application-default-credentials
  // for more details.
  try {
    StackdriverStatsExporter.createAndRegister();
  } catch (IOException | IllegalStateException e) {
    System.out.println("Error during StackdriverStatsExporter");
  }

  try (ResultSet resultSet = dbClient.singleUse()
      .analyzeQuery(Statement.of("SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums"),
          QueryAnalyzeMode.PROFILE)) {

    while (resultSet.next()) {
      System.out.printf(
          "%d %d %s", resultSet.getLong(0), resultSet.getLong(1), resultSet.getString(2));
    }
    Value value = resultSet.getStats().getQueryStats()
        .getFieldsOrDefault("elapsed_time", Value.newBuilder().setStringValue("0 msecs").build());
    double elapasedTime = Double.parseDouble(value.getStringValue().replaceAll(" msecs", ""));
    STATS_RECORDER.newMeasureMap()
        .put(QUERY_STATS_ELAPSED, elapasedTime)
        .record();
  }
}

Go


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"cloud.google.com/go/spanner"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"

	"contrib.go.opencensus.io/exporter/stackdriver"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats"
	"go.opencensus.io/stats/view"
	"go.opencensus.io/tag"
)

// OpenCensus Tag, Measure and View.
var (
	QueryStatsElapsed = stats.Float64("cloud.google.com/go/spanner/query_stats_elapsed",
		"The execution of the query", "ms")
	QueryStatsLatencyView = view.View{
		Name:        "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/query_stats_elapsed",
		Measure:     QueryStatsElapsed,
		Description: "The execution of the query",
		Aggregation: view.Distribution(0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 13.0,
			16.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 65.0, 80.0, 100.0, 130.0, 160.0, 200.0, 250.0,
			300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 650.0, 800.0, 1000.0, 2000.0, 5000.0, 10000.0, 20000.0, 50000.0,
			100000.0),
		TagKeys: []tag.Key{}}
)

func queryWithQueryStats(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	projectID, _, _, err := parseDatabaseName(db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx, db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Register OpenCensus views.
	err = view.Register(&QueryStatsLatencyView)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Create OpenCensus Stackdriver exporter.
	sd, err := stackdriver.NewExporter(stackdriver.Options{
		ProjectID: projectID,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// It is imperative to invoke flush before your main function exits
	defer sd.Flush()

	// Start the metrics exporter
	sd.StartMetricsExporter()
	defer sd.StopMetricsExporter()

	// Execute a SQL query and get the query stats.
	stmt := spanner.Statement{SQL: `SELECT SingerId, AlbumId, AlbumTitle FROM Albums`}
	iter := client.Single().QueryWithStats(ctx, stmt)
	defer iter.Stop()
	for {
		row, err := iter.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			// Record query execution time with OpenCensus.
			elapasedTime := iter.QueryStats["elapsed_time"].(string)
			elapasedTimeMs, err := strconv.ParseFloat(strings.TrimSuffix(elapasedTime, " msecs"), 64)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			stats.Record(ctx, QueryStatsElapsed.M(elapasedTimeMs))
			return nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var singerID, albumID int64
		var albumTitle string
		if err := row.Columns(&singerID, &albumID, &albumTitle); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d %s\n", singerID, albumID, albumTitle)
	}
}

L'app di esempio di codice aggiunge la stringa spanner/query_stats_elapsed al nome della metrica quando viene esportata in Cloud Monitoring. Puoi cercare questa metrica su Cloud Monitoring utilizzando la stringa aggiunta.

Visualizzare le metriche in Metrics Explorer

  1. Nella console Google Cloud , vai alla pagina Metrics Explorer.

    Vai a Esplora metriche

  2. Seleziona il progetto.

  3. Fai clic su Seleziona una metrica.

  4. Cerca una metrica di latenza utilizzando le seguenti stringhe:

    • roundtrip_latency: per la metrica della latenza di andata e ritorno del client.
    • spanner/gfe_latency: per la metrica di latenza GFE.
    • spanner/query_stats_elapsed: per la metrica della latenza delle query.

  5. Seleziona la metrica, poi fai clic su Applica.

Per ulteriori informazioni sul raggruppamento o sull'aggregazione della metrica, consulta Creare query utilizzando i menu.

Passaggi successivi

  • Scopri di più su OpenCensus.

  • Scopri come utilizzare le metriche per diagnosticare la latenza.