查看及套用閒置保留項目最佳化建議

本頁說明如何使用預訂建議找出並刪除閒置的隨選預訂項目，避免系統針對您未使用的資源收費。

事前準備

  • 請查看限制，確認預留項目是否支援閒置預留項目建議。
  • 如果尚未設定驗證，請先完成設定。 「驗證」是指驗證身分的程序，確認您有權存取 Google Cloud 服務和 API。如要從本機開發環境執行程式碼或範例，請選取下列其中一個選項，向 Compute Engine 進行驗證：

    Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:

    Console

    When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.

    gcloud

      1. After installing the Google Cloud CLI, initialize it by running the following command: 

        gcloud init

        If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

      2. Set a default region and zone.

        3. REST

        如要在本機開發環境中使用本頁的 REST API 範例，請使用您提供給 gcloud CLI 的憑證。

          After installing the Google Cloud CLI, initialize it by running the following command: 

          gcloud init

          If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

        詳情請參閱 Google Cloud 驗證說明文件中的「Authenticate for using REST」。

查看閒置預留項目建議

如要查看閒置預訂的相關建議，請使用下列其中一個選項。

請使用下列其中一種方法完成這項工作。

主控台

在 Google Cloud 控制台，前往「FinOps hub」(FinOps 中心)。

前往 FinOps 中心

gcloud

如要查看閒置預訂項目的相關建議，請使用 gcloud recommender recommendations list 指令，並加上 --recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender 旗標：

gcloud recommender recommendations list \
  --location=ZONE \
  --recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender \
  --format=yaml \
  --project=PROJECT_ID

更改下列內容：

  • ZONE，其中包含要列出建議的預訂項目。
  • 將 PROJECT_ID 替換為專案的 ID。

例如：

gcloud recommender recommendations list \
  --location=us-central1-c \
  --recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender \
  --format=yaml \
  --project=my-project

如果該地點沒有閒置預訂，回應會是空白。否則，回應會包括每個建議的下列各欄位：


---
associatedInsights:
- insight: projects/953727763714/locations/us-central1-f/insightTypes/google.compute.IdleResourceInsight/insights/ecf77776-4a2a-4e6e-aad2-b7f9c632e5f9
content:
operationGroups:
- operations:
  - action: remove
    path: /
    resource: //compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation
    resourceType: compute.googleapis.com/Reservation
overview:
  currentReservation:
    machineType: n1-standard-1
    reservationName: test-reservation
    reservedMachineCount: '1'
    zone: us-central1-f
description: Save cost by deleting the idle reservation test-reservation
etag: '"aff724ab8e40e1ef"'
lastRefreshTime: '2024-06-10T07:00:00Z'
name: projects/953727763714/locations/us-central1-f/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations/56f8ac5d-8380-4cb8-a76f-bbc270fb4b8e
primaryImpact:
category: COST
costProjection:
  cost:
    currencyCode: USD
    nanos: -199820000
    units: '-1072'
  costInLocalCurrency:
    currencyCode: USD
    nanos: -199820000
    units: '-1072'
  duration: 2592000s
priority: P2
recommenderSubtype: DELETE_RESERVATION
stateInfo:
state: ACTIVE
targetResources:
- //compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation

如要進一步瞭解如何使用 Google Cloud CLI 處理建議，請參閱 gcloud 範例。

REST

如要查看閒置預訂項目的相關建議，請向 recommendations.list 方法發出 GET 要求，並使用下列建議類型：

  • google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender

API 呼叫如下所示：

GET https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/ZONE/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations

請替換下列項目： - PROJECT_ID：專案 ID。 - ZONE：包含要列出建議的執行個體。

以下範例說明如何使用 curl 傳送要求，以及相關聯的回應範例。

PROJECT_ID=my-project
ZONE=us-central1-c
RECOMMENDER_ID=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "x-goog-user-project: $PROJECT_ID" \
  https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1/projects/$PROJECT_ID/locations/$ZONE/recommenders/$RECOMMENDER_ID/recommendations

閒置預訂建議的 JSON 回應範例：

{
  "associatedInsights": [
    {
      "insight": "projects/9531234763714/locations/us-central1-f/insightTypes/google.compute.IdleResourceInsight/insights/ecf77776-4a2a-4e6e-aad2-b7f9c632e5f9"
    }
  ],
  "content": {
    "operationGroups": [
      {
        "operations": [
          {
            "action": "remove",
            "path": "/",
            "resource": "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation",
            "resourceType": "compute.googleapis.com/Reservation"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "overview": {
      "currentReservation": {
        "machineType": "n1-standard-1",
        "reservationName": "test-reservation",
        "reservedMachineCount": "1",
        "zone": "us-central1-f"
      }
    }
  },
  "description": "Save cost by deleting the idle reservation test-reservation",
  "etag": "\"8d5603cac8fa9342\"",
  "lastRefreshTime": "2024-06-11T07:00:00Z",
  "name": "projects/9531234763714/locations/us-central1-f/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations/56f8ac5d-8380-4cb8-a76f-bbc270fb4b8e",
  "primaryImpact": {
    "category": "COST",
    "costProjection": {
      "cost": {
        "currencyCode": "USD",
        "nanos": -199820000,
        "units": "-1072"
      },
      "costInLocalCurrency": {
        "currencyCode": "USD",
        "nanos": -199820000,
        "units": "-1072"
      },
      "duration": "2592000s"
    }
  },
  "priority": "P2",
  "recommenderSubtype": "DELETE_RESERVATION",
  "stateInfo": {
    "state": "ACTIVE"
  },
  "targetResources": [
    "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation"
  ]
}

如要進一步瞭解各個欄位，請參閱 Recommender API 說明文件。

解讀建議回應

透過 gcloud CLI 或 REST 接收的每項建議都包含一組作業，您可以按順序執行這些作業來套用建議。如果是閒置預留項目，作業群組會包含 remove 作業，可刪除預留項目：

{
  "action": "remove",
  "path": "/",
  "resource": "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation",
  "resourceType": "compute.googleapis.com/Reservation"
}

套用閒置預留項目建議

根據閒置預留項目建議，您可以調整預留項目大小，或在不再需要時刪除預留項目。

後續步驟