Create a sample IaC validation report

This tutorial describes how you can verify that your infrastructure as code (IaC) doesn't violate your organization policies or Security Health Analytics detectors.

Objectives

Create a security posture.
Deploy the posture on a project.
Check an example Terraform file for violations.
Fix the violations in the Terraform file, and check the file again to verify the fix.

Before you begin

Set up permissions

Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the organization: Project Creator and Security Posture Admin
Check for the roles
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.
  Go to IAM
2. Select the organization.
3. In the Principal column, find all rows that identify you or a group that you're included in. To learn which groups you're included in, contact your administrator.
4. For all rows that specify or include you, check the Role colunn to see whether the list of roles includes the required roles.
Grant the roles
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.
  Go to IAM
2. Select the organization.
3. Click Grant access.
4. In the New principals field, enter your user identifier. This is typically the email address for a Google Account.
5. In the Select a role list, select a role.
6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
7. Click Save.

Set up Cloud Shell

In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

Activate Cloud Shell

At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
Find your organization ID:
```
gcloud organizations list
```

Prepare the environment

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Create a Google Cloud project:
```
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.
Select the Google Cloud project that you created:
```
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Security posture service and Security Command Center management APIs:

gcloud services enable securityposture.googleapis.com  securitycentermanagement.googleapis.com

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Create a Google Cloud project:
```
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.
Select the Google Cloud project that you created:
```
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Security posture service and Security Command Center management APIs:

gcloud services enable securityposture.googleapis.com  securitycentermanagement.googleapis.com

Copy the project number. You will need the project number to set the target resource while deploying the posture.
```
gcloud projects describe PROJECT_ID
```
Initialize Terraform:
```
terraform init
```

Create and deploy a posture

In Cloud Shell, launch the Cloud Shell Editor. To launch the editor, click Open Editor on the toolbar of the Cloud Shell window.
Create a YAML file named example-standard.yaml.
Paste the following code into your file:

name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard
state: ACTIVE
policySets:
- policies:
  - constraint:
      orgPolicyConstraintCustom:
        customConstraint:
          actionType: ALLOW
          condition: "resource.initialNodeCount == 3"
          description: Set initial node count to be exactly 3.
          displayName: fixedNodeCount
          methodTypes:
          - CREATE
          name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/custom.fixedNodeCount
          resourceTypes:
          - container.googleapis.com/NodePool
        policyRules:
        - enforce: true
    policyId: fixedNodeCount
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsCustomModule:
        config:
          customOutput: {}
          description: Set MTU for a network to be exactly 1000.
          predicate:
            expression: "!(resource.mtu == 1000)"
          recommendation: Only create networks whose MTU is 1000.
          resourceSelector:
            resourceTypes:
            - compute.googleapis.com/Network
          severity: HIGH
        displayName: fixedMTU
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
    policyId: fixedMTU
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsModule:
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
        moduleName: BUCKET_POLICY_ONLY_DISABLED
    policyId: bucket_policy_only_disabled
  - constraint:
      securityHealthAnalyticsModule:
        moduleEnablementState: ENABLED
        moduleName: BUCKET_LOGGING_DISABLED
    policyId: bucket_logging_disabled
  policySetId: policySet1

Replace ORGANIZATION_ID with your organization ID.

In Cloud Shell, create the posture:

gcloud scc postures create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard --posture-from-file=example-standard.yaml

Copy the posture revision ID that the command generates.

Deploy the posture to your project:

gcloud scc posture-deployments create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postureDeployments/example-standard \
--posture-name=organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global/postures/example-standard \
--posture-revision-id="POSTURE_REVISION_ID" \
--target-resource=projects/PROJECT_NUMBER

Replace the following:

ORGANIZATION_ID: your organization ID.
POSTURE REVISION_ID: your posture revision ID that you copied.
PROJECT_NUMBER: your project number.

Create the Terraform file and validate

In Cloud Shell, launch the Cloud Shell Editor.
Create a Terraform file named main.tf.

Paste the following code into your file:

terraform {
  required_providers {
    google = {
      source  = "hashicorp/google"
    }
  }
}

provider "google" {
  region  = "us-central1"
  zone    = "us-central1-c"
}

resource "google_compute_network" "example_network"{
  name                            = "example-network-1"
  delete_default_routes_on_create = false
  auto_create_subnetworks         = false
  routing_mode                    = "REGIONAL"
  mtu                             = 100
  project                         = "PROJECT_ID"
}

resource "google_container_node_pool" "example_node_pool" {
  name               = "example-node-pool-1"
  cluster            = "example-cluster-1"
  project            = "PROJECT_ID"
  initial_node_count = 2

  node_config {
    preemptible  = true
    machine_type = "e2-medium"
  }
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "example_bucket" {
  name          = "example-bucket-1"
  location      = "EU"
  force_destroy = true

  project = "PROJECT_ID"

  uniform_bucket_level_access = false
}

Replace PROJECT_ID with the project ID of the project that you created.

In Cloud Shell, create the Terraform plan file and convert it to JSON format:

terraform plan -out main.plan
terraform show -json main.plan > mainplan.json

Create the IaC validation report for mainplan.json:
```
gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global --tf-plan-file=mainplan.json
```
This command returns an IaC validation report that describes the following violations:
- The mtu for example_network isn't 1000.
- The initial_node_count for example_node_pool isn't 3.
- The example_bucket doesn't have uniform bucket level access enabled.
- The example_bucket doesn't have logging enabled.

Resolve violations

In Cloud Shell, launch the Cloud Shell Editor.

Update the main.tf file with the following changes:

terraform {
  required_providers {
    google = {
      source  = "hashicorp/google"
    }
  }
}

provider "google" {
  region  = "us-central1"
  zone    = "us-central1-c"
}

resource "google_compute_network" "example_network"{
  name                            = "example-network-1"
  delete_default_routes_on_create = false
  auto_create_subnetworks         = false
  routing_mode                    = "REGIONAL"
  mtu                             = 1000
  project                         = "PROJECT_ID"
}

resource "google_container_node_pool" "example_node_pool" {
  name               = "example-node-pool-1"
  cluster            = "example-cluster-1"
  project            = "PROJECT_ID"
  initial_node_count = 3

  node_config {
    preemptible  = true
    machine_type = "e2-medium"
  }
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "example_bucket" {
  name          = "example-bucket-1"
  location      = "EU"
  force_destroy = true

  project = "PROJECT_ID"
  uniform_bucket_level_access = true

  logging {
    log_bucket   = "my-unique-logging-bucket" // Create a separate bucket for logs
    log_object_prefix = "tf-logs/"             // Optional prefix for better structure
  }
}

Replace PROJECT_ID with the project ID of the project that you created.

In Cloud Shell, create the Terraform plan file and convert it to JSON format:

terraform plan -out main.plan
terraform show -json main.plan > mainplan.json

Recreate the IaC validation report for mainplan.json:

gcloud scc iac-validation-reports create organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/locations/global --tf-plan-file=mainplan.json

Clean up

To avoid incurring charges to your Google Cloud account for the resources used in this tutorial, either delete the project that contains the resources, or keep the project and delete the individual resources.

Delete the project

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

What's next

Review Validate your IaC against your organization's policies.
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