Peran IAM untuk Cloud Storage

Dokumen ini memberikan informasi tentang peran dan izin Identity and Access Management (IAM) untuk Cloud Storage.

Peran yang telah ditetapkan

Tabel berikut menjelaskan peran Identity and Access Management (IAM) yang terkait dengan Cloud Storage dan mencantumkan izin yang terdapat dalam setiap peran. Kecuali dinyatakan lain, peran ini dapat diterapkan ke project, bucket, atau folder terkelola. Namun, Anda dapat memberikan peran lama hanya untuk masing-masing bucket.

Untuk mempelajari cara mengontrol akses ke bucket, lihat menggunakan izin IAM. Untuk mempelajari cara mengontrol akses ke folder terkelola, lihat menggunakan IAM untuk folder terkelola.

Role Permissions

(roles/storage.admin)

Grants full control of objects and buckets.

When applied to an individual bucket, control applies only to the specified bucket and objects within the bucket.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

cloudkms.keyHandles.*

  • cloudkms.keyHandles.create
  • cloudkms.keyHandles.get
  • cloudkms.keyHandles.list

cloudkms.operations.get

cloudkms.projects.showEffectiveAutokeyConfig

firebase.projects.get

orgpolicy.policy.get

recommender.iamPolicyInsights.*

  • recommender.iamPolicyInsights.get
  • recommender.iamPolicyInsights.list
  • recommender.iamPolicyInsights.update

recommender.iamPolicyRecommendations.*

  • recommender.iamPolicyRecommendations.get
  • recommender.iamPolicyRecommendations.list
  • recommender.iamPolicyRecommendations.update

recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteInsights.*

  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteInsights.get
  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteInsights.list
  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteInsights.update

recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteRecommendations.*

  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteRecommendations.get
  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteRecommendations.list
  • recommender.storageBucketSoftDeleteRecommendations.update

resourcemanager.hierarchyNodes.listEffectiveTags

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.anywhereCaches.*

  • storage.anywhereCaches.create
  • storage.anywhereCaches.disable
  • storage.anywhereCaches.get
  • storage.anywhereCaches.list
  • storage.anywhereCaches.pause
  • storage.anywhereCaches.resume
  • storage.anywhereCaches.update

storage.bucketOperations.*

  • storage.bucketOperations.cancel
  • storage.bucketOperations.get
  • storage.bucketOperations.list

storage.buckets.*

  • storage.buckets.create
  • storage.buckets.createTagBinding
  • storage.buckets.delete
  • storage.buckets.deleteTagBinding
  • storage.buckets.enableObjectRetention
  • storage.buckets.get
  • storage.buckets.getIamPolicy
  • storage.buckets.getIpFilter
  • storage.buckets.getObjectInsights
  • storage.buckets.list
  • storage.buckets.listEffectiveTags
  • storage.buckets.listTagBindings
  • storage.buckets.relocate
  • storage.buckets.restore
  • storage.buckets.setIamPolicy
  • storage.buckets.setIpFilter
  • storage.buckets.update

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.intelligenceConfigs.*

  • storage.intelligenceConfigs.get
  • storage.intelligenceConfigs.update

storage.managedFolders.*

  • storage.managedFolders.create
  • storage.managedFolders.delete
  • storage.managedFolders.get
  • storage.managedFolders.getIamPolicy
  • storage.managedFolders.list
  • storage.managedFolders.setIamPolicy

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.*

  • storage.objects.create
  • storage.objects.delete
  • storage.objects.get
  • storage.objects.getIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.list
  • storage.objects.move
  • storage.objects.overrideUnlockedRetention
  • storage.objects.restore
  • storage.objects.setIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.setRetention
  • storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.bucketViewer)

Grants permission to view buckets and their metadata, excluding IAM policies.

storage.buckets.get

storage.buckets.list

(roles/storage.expressModeServiceInput)

Grants permission to Express Mode service accounts at a managed folder so they can create objects but not read them on input folders.

storage.objects.create

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.list

storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.expressModeServiceOutput)

Grants permission to EasyGCP service accounts at a managed folder so they can read objects but not write them on output folders.

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.get

storage.objects.list

(roles/storage.expressModeUserAccess)

Grants permission to Express Mode accounts at the project level so they can read, list, create and delete any object in any of their buckets in Express Mode.

orgpolicy.policy.get

storage.buckets.get

storage.buckets.list

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.create

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.get

storage.objects.list

storage.objects.restore

storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.folderAdmin)

Grants full control over folders and objects, including listing, creating, viewing, and deleting objects.

orgpolicy.policy.get

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.managedFolders.*

  • storage.managedFolders.create
  • storage.managedFolders.delete
  • storage.managedFolders.get
  • storage.managedFolders.getIamPolicy
  • storage.managedFolders.list
  • storage.managedFolders.setIamPolicy

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.*

  • storage.objects.create
  • storage.objects.delete
  • storage.objects.get
  • storage.objects.getIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.list
  • storage.objects.move
  • storage.objects.overrideUnlockedRetention
  • storage.objects.restore
  • storage.objects.setIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.setRetention
  • storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.hmacKeyAdmin)

Full control of Cloud Storage HMAC keys.

firebase.projects.get

orgpolicy.policy.get

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.hmacKeys.*

  • storage.hmacKeys.create
  • storage.hmacKeys.delete
  • storage.hmacKeys.get
  • storage.hmacKeys.list
  • storage.hmacKeys.update

(roles/storage.insightsCollectorService)

Read-only access to Cloud Storage Inventory metadata for Storage Insights.

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.buckets.get

storage.buckets.getObjectInsights

(roles/storage.legacyBucketOwner)

Grants permission to create, overwrite, and delete objects; list objects in a bucket and read object metadata, excluding allow policies, when listing; and read and edit bucket metadata, including allow policies.

Use of this role is also reflected in the bucket's ACLs. For more information, see IAM relation to ACLs.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

storage.anywhereCaches.*

  • storage.anywhereCaches.create
  • storage.anywhereCaches.disable
  • storage.anywhereCaches.get
  • storage.anywhereCaches.list
  • storage.anywhereCaches.pause
  • storage.anywhereCaches.resume
  • storage.anywhereCaches.update

storage.bucketOperations.*

  • storage.bucketOperations.cancel
  • storage.bucketOperations.get
  • storage.bucketOperations.list

storage.buckets.createTagBinding

storage.buckets.deleteTagBinding

storage.buckets.enableObjectRetention

storage.buckets.get

storage.buckets.getIamPolicy

storage.buckets.getIpFilter

storage.buckets.listEffectiveTags

storage.buckets.listTagBindings

storage.buckets.relocate

storage.buckets.restore

storage.buckets.setIamPolicy

storage.buckets.setIpFilter

storage.buckets.update

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.managedFolders.*

  • storage.managedFolders.create
  • storage.managedFolders.delete
  • storage.managedFolders.get
  • storage.managedFolders.getIamPolicy
  • storage.managedFolders.list
  • storage.managedFolders.setIamPolicy

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.create

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.list

storage.objects.restore

storage.objects.setRetention

(roles/storage.legacyBucketReader)

Grants permission to list a bucket's contents and read bucket metadata, excluding allow policies. Also grants permission to read object metadata, excluding allow policies, when listing objects.

Use of this role is also reflected in the bucket's ACLs. For more information, see IAM relation to ACLs.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

storage.buckets.get

storage.folders.get

storage.folders.list

storage.managedFolders.get

storage.managedFolders.list

storage.multipartUploads.list

storage.objects.list

(roles/storage.legacyBucketWriter)

Grants permission to create, overwrite, and delete objects; list objects in a bucket and read object metadata, excluding allow policies, when listing; and read bucket metadata, excluding allow policies.

Use of this role is also reflected in the bucket's ACLs. For more information, see IAM relation to ACLs.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

storage.buckets.get

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.managedFolders.create

storage.managedFolders.delete

storage.managedFolders.get

storage.managedFolders.list

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.create

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.list

storage.objects.restore

storage.objects.setRetention

(roles/storage.legacyObjectOwner)

Grants permission to view and edit objects and their metadata, including ACLs.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

storage.objects.get

storage.objects.getIamPolicy

storage.objects.overrideUnlockedRetention

storage.objects.setIamPolicy

storage.objects.setRetention

storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.legacyObjectReader)

Grants permission to view objects and their metadata, excluding ACLs.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

storage.objects.get

(roles/storage.objectAdmin)

Grants full control of objects, including listing, creating, viewing, and deleting objects.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

orgpolicy.policy.get

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.managedFolders.create

storage.managedFolders.delete

storage.managedFolders.get

storage.managedFolders.list

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.*

  • storage.objects.create
  • storage.objects.delete
  • storage.objects.get
  • storage.objects.getIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.list
  • storage.objects.move
  • storage.objects.overrideUnlockedRetention
  • storage.objects.restore
  • storage.objects.setIamPolicy
  • storage.objects.setRetention
  • storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.objectCreator)

Allows users to create objects. Does not give permission to view, delete, or overwrite objects.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

orgpolicy.policy.get

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.folders.create

storage.managedFolders.create

storage.multipartUploads.abort

storage.multipartUploads.create

storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.create

(roles/storage.objectUser)

Access to create, read, update and delete objects and multipart uploads in GCS.

orgpolicy.policy.get

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.folders.*

  • storage.folders.create
  • storage.folders.delete
  • storage.folders.get
  • storage.folders.list
  • storage.folders.rename

storage.managedFolders.create

storage.managedFolders.delete

storage.managedFolders.get

storage.managedFolders.list

storage.multipartUploads.*

  • storage.multipartUploads.abort
  • storage.multipartUploads.create
  • storage.multipartUploads.list
  • storage.multipartUploads.listParts

storage.objects.create

storage.objects.delete

storage.objects.get

storage.objects.list

storage.objects.move

storage.objects.restore

storage.objects.update

(roles/storage.objectViewer)

Grants access to view objects and their metadata, excluding ACLs. Can also list the objects in a bucket.

Lowest-level resources where you can grant this role:

  • Bucket

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storage.folders.get

storage.folders.list

storage.managedFolders.get

storage.managedFolders.list

storage.objects.get

storage.objects.list

Peran Storage Insights yang telah ditetapkan

Tabel berikut menjelaskan peran IAM yang terkait dengan Storage Insights dan mencantumkan izin yang terdapat dalam setiap peran.

Role Permissions

(roles/storageinsights.admin)

Full access to Storage Insights resources.

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storageinsights.*

  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.create
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.delete
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.get
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.linkDataset
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.list
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.unlinkDataset
  • storageinsights.datasetConfigs.update
  • storageinsights.locations.get
  • storageinsights.locations.list
  • storageinsights.operations.cancel
  • storageinsights.operations.delete
  • storageinsights.operations.get
  • storageinsights.operations.list
  • storageinsights.reportConfigs.create
  • storageinsights.reportConfigs.delete
  • storageinsights.reportConfigs.get
  • storageinsights.reportConfigs.list
  • storageinsights.reportConfigs.update
  • storageinsights.reportDetails.get
  • storageinsights.reportDetails.list

(roles/storageinsights.analyst)

Data access to Storage Insights.

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.get

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.linkDataset

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.list

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.unlinkDataset

storageinsights.locations.*

  • storageinsights.locations.get
  • storageinsights.locations.list

storageinsights.operations.get

storageinsights.operations.list

storageinsights.reportConfigs.get

storageinsights.reportConfigs.list

storageinsights.reportDetails.*

  • storageinsights.reportDetails.get
  • storageinsights.reportDetails.list

(roles/storageinsights.serviceAgent)

Permissions for Insights to write reports into customer project

bigquery.datasets.create

serviceusage.services.use

storageinsights.reportDetails.list

(roles/storageinsights.viewer)

Read-only access to Storage Insights resources.

resourcemanager.projects.get

resourcemanager.projects.list

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.get

storageinsights.datasetConfigs.list

storageinsights.locations.*

  • storageinsights.locations.get
  • storageinsights.locations.list

storageinsights.operations.get

storageinsights.operations.list

storageinsights.reportConfigs.get

storageinsights.reportConfigs.list

storageinsights.reportDetails.*

  • storageinsights.reportDetails.get
  • storageinsights.reportDetails.list

Peran dasar

Peran dasar adalah peran yang ada sebelum IAM. Peran ini memiliki karakteristik unik:

  • Peran dasar hanya dapat diberikan untuk keseluruhan project, bukan untuk bucket individu dalam project. Seperti peran lain yang Anda berikan untuk sebuah project, peran dasar berlaku untuk semua bucket dan objek dalam project tersebut.

  • Peran dasar berisi izin tambahan untuk layanan Google Cloud lainnya yang tidak dibahas di bagian ini. Lihat peran dasar untuk diskusi umum tentang izin yang diberikan peran dasar.

  • Setiap peran dasar memiliki nilai praktis yang memungkinkan Anda menggunakan peran dasar seolah-olah peran tersebut merupakan grup. Jika digunakan dengan cara ini, setiap akun utama yang memiliki peran dasar dianggap sebagai bagian dari grup. Semua orang dalam grup mendapatkan akses tambahan ke resource berdasarkan akses yang dimiliki nilai kemudahan.

    • Nilai kemudahan dapat digunakan saat memberikan peran untuk bucket.

    • Nilai kemudahan dapat digunakan saat menetapkan ACL pada objek.

  • Peran dasar tidak secara intrinsik memberikan semua akses ke resource Cloud Storage yang disiratkan oleh namanya. Sebaliknya, peran dasar memberikan sebagian dari akses yang diharapkan secara intrinsik dan sisa akses yang diharapkan melalui penggunaan nilai kemudahan. Karena nilai kemudahan dapat ditambahkan atau dihapus secara manual seperti akun utama IAM lainnya, akses yang mungkin dimiliki akun utama dapat dicabut.

    Untuk pembahasan tentang akses tambahan akun utama dengan peran dasar yang biasanya diperoleh dari nilai kemudahan, lihat perilaku yang dapat diubah.

Izin intrinsik

Tabel berikut menjelaskan izin Cloud Storage yang selalu dikaitkan dengan setiap peran dasar.

Peran Deskripsi Izin Cloud Storage
Viewer (roles/viewer) Memberikan izin untuk mencantumkan bucket dalam project; melihat metadata bucket saat membuat listing (tidak termasuk ACL); dan mencantumkan serta mendapatkan kunci HMAC dalam project. storage.buckets.getIpFilter
storage.buckets.list
storage.hmacKeys.get
storage.hmacKeys.list
Editor (roles/editor) Memberikan izin untuk membuat, mencantumkan, dan menghapus bucket dalam project; melihat metadata bucket saat membuat listing (tidak termasuk ACL); dan mengontrol kunci HMAC dalam project. storage.buckets.create
storage.buckets.delete
storage.buckets.getIpFilter
storage.buckets.list
storage.hmacKeys.*
Pemilik (roles/owner)

Memberikan izin untuk membuat, mencantumkan, dan menghapus bucket di project; melihat metadata bucket saat membuat listing (tidak termasuk ACL); membuat, menghapus, dan mencantumkan binding tag; serta mengontrol kunci HMAC dalam project; Mengaktifkan, menonaktifkan, memperbarui, dan mendapatkan konfigurasi Storage Intelligence di project, folder, atau organisasi.

Secara umum dalam Google Cloud , akun utama dengan peran ini dapat melakukan tugas administratif, seperti mengubah peran utama untuk project atau mengubah penagihan.

 storage.buckets.create
storage.buckets.delete
storage.buckets.list
storage.buckets.createTagBinding
storage.buckets.deleteTagBinding
storage.buckets.getIpFilter
storage.buckets.listEffectiveTags
storage.buckets.listTagBindings
storage.buckets.setIpFilter
storage.hmacKeys.*
storage.intelligenceConfigs.get
storage.intelligenceConfigs.update

Perilaku yang dapat diubah

Peran utama yang diberi peran dasar sering kali memiliki akses tambahan ke bucket dan objek project karena nilai kemudahan. Saat bucket dibuat, nilai kemudahan akan diberikan akses level bucket tertentu. Namun, Anda dapat mengedit kebijakan IAM bucket dan ACL objek untuk menghapus atau mengubah akses.

Saat Anda membuat bucket yang mengaktifkan akses level bucket seragam, akses berikut diberikan melalui nilai kemudahan:

  • Peran utama yang memberikan roles/viewer mendapatkan peran roles/storage.legacyBucketReader dan roles/storage.legacyObjectReader untuk bucket.

  • Peran utama yang memberikan roles/editor mendapatkan peran roles/storage.legacyBucketOwner dan roles/storage.legacyObjectOwner untuk bucket.

  • Peran utama yang memberikan roles/owner mendapatkan peran roles/storage.legacyBucketOwner dan roles/storage.legacyObjectOwner untuk bucket.

Saat Anda membuat bucket yang tidak mengaktifkan akses level bucket seragam, akses berikut diberikan menggunakan nilai kemudahan:

  • Peran utama memberikan roles/viewer akses ke peran roles/storage.legacyBucketReader untuk bucket.

  • Peran utama memberikan roles/editor akses ke peran roles/storage.legacyBucketOwner untuk bucket.

  • Peran utama memberikan roles/owner akses ke peran roles/storage.legacyBucketOwner untuk bucket.

  • Selain itu, bucket memiliki Daftar Kontrol Akses (ACL) objek default. ACL default ini sering diterapkan pada objek baru di bucket dan sering memberikan akses tambahan ke nilai kemudahan.

Peran khusus

Anda mungkin ingin menentukan peran Anda sendiri yang berisi paket izin yang Anda tentukan. Untuk mendukung ini, IAM menawarkan peran khusus.

Langkah berikutnya