Google Distributed Cloud 1.10 版或更高版本可以使用自定义资源定义来启用 VM Runtime on GDC。此自定义资源是默认安装的。
修改 VMRuntime 自定义资源:
kubectleditvmruntime
在规范中设置 enabled:true:
apiVersion:vm.cluster.gke.io/v1kind:VMRuntimemetadata:name:vmruntimespec:enabled:true# useEmulation defaults to "false" if not set.useEmulation:true# vmImageFormat defaults to "qcow2" if not set.vmImageFormat:qcow2
vmImageFormat:支持两个磁盘映像格式值:raw 和 qcow2。如果未设置 vmImageFormat,则 VM Runtime on GDC 使用 raw 磁盘映像格式来创建虚拟机。raw 格式可以提供比 qcow2(一种写入时复制格式)更高的性能,但可以使用更多磁盘。如需详细了解虚拟机的映像格式,请参阅 QEMU 文档中的磁盘映像文件格式。
在编辑器中保存自定义资源。
验证 VMRuntime 自定义资源是否已启用:
kubectldescribevmruntimevmruntime
VMRuntime 自定义资源的详细信息包含 Status 部分。当 VMRuntime.Status.Ready 显示为 true 时,VM Runtime on GDC 已启用并正常运行。
[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["很难理解","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["信息或示例代码不正确","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["没有我需要的信息/示例","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-31。"],[],[],null,["This quickstart shows you how to use VM Runtime on GDC to create a\nvirtual machine (VM) on Google Distributed Cloud. VM Runtime on GDC uses\n[KubeVirt](https://kubevirt.io/)\nto orchestrate VMs on clusters, and lets you work with your VM-based apps and\nworkloads in a uniform development environment.\n\nBefore you begin\n\nTo complete this quickstart, you need access to Google Distributed Cloud version\n1.12 (`anthosBareMetalVersion: 1.12`) or higher cluster. You can use any\ncluster type capable of running workloads. If needed,\n[try Google Distributed Cloud on Compute Engine](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/try/gce-vms)\nor see the\n[cluster creation overview](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/installing/creating-clusters/create-clusters-overview).\n\nEnable VM Runtime on GDC\n\nVM Runtime on GDC is automatically installed in Google Distributed Cloud\nversion 1.10 or higher, but is disabled by default. Before you can run VM\nresources in your Google Distributed Cloud, you must enable the\nVM Runtime on GDC. \n\nbmctl\n\nGoogle Distributed Cloud version 1.11 or higher can use the `bmctl` command-line tool:\n\n- To enable the runtime, use the `bmctl` tool:\n\n bmctl enable vmruntime --kubeconfig \u003cvar label=\"Kubeconfig path\" translate=\"no\"\u003eKUBECONFIG_PATH\u003c/var\u003e\n\n Provide the path to the kubeconfig file for your cluster.\n Google Distributed Cloud generates the kubeconfig file on the admin\n workstation when you create a cluster. By default, the path is\n `bmctl-workspace/`\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e`/`\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e`-kubeconfig`.\n\n If VM Runtime on GDC is already enabled, the command returns an\n error.\n\nCustom resource\n\nGoogle Distributed Cloud version 1.10 or higher can use a custom resource definition\nto enable VM Runtime on GDC. This custom resource is installed by\ndefault.\n\n1. Edit the `VMRuntime` custom resource:\n\n kubectl edit vmruntime\n\n2. Set `enabled:true` in the spec:\n\n apiVersion: vm.cluster.gke.io/v1\n kind: VMRuntime\n metadata:\n name: vmruntime\n spec:\n enabled: true\n # useEmulation defaults to \"false\" if not set.\n useEmulation: true\n # vmImageFormat defaults to \"qcow2\" if not set.\n vmImageFormat: qcow2\n\n In the preceding `spec` section, the following values can be set:\n - `enabled`: set to true to enable VM Runtime on GDC\n - `useEmulation`: If your node doesn't support hardware virtualization, or you aren't sure, set the value to true. If available, hardware virtualization provides better performance than software emulation. The `useEmulation` field defaults to `false`, if it isn't specified.\n - `vmImageFormat`: Supports two disk image format values: `raw` and `qcow2`. If you don't set `vmImageFormat`, the VM Runtime on GDC uses the `raw` disk image format to create VMs. The `raw` format may provide improved performance over `qcow2`, a copy on write format, but may use more disk. For more information about the image formats for your VM, see [Disk image file formats](https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/images.html#disk-image-file-formats) in the QEMU documentation.\n3. Save the custom resource in your editor.\n\n4. Verify that the `VMRuntime` custom resource is enabled:\n\n kubectl describe vmruntime vmruntime\n\n The details of the `VMRuntime` custom resource include a `Status` section.\n VM Runtime on GDC is enabled and working when\n `VMRuntime.Status.Ready` shows as `true`.\n\nInstall the `virtctl` client tool\n\nTo create and manage VMs, install the\n[virtctl client tool](https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/operations/virtctl_client_tool/).\n\n1. Install the `virtctl` client tool as a `kubectl` plugin:\n\n export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=\"\u003cvar label=\"name\" translate=\"no\"\u003ePATH_TO_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_KEY\u003c/var\u003e/bm-gcr.json\"\n sudo -E bmctl install virtctl\n\n The credentials let you authenticate and download the `virtctl` client tool,\n then install to `/usr/bin/kubectl-virt` on your local machine.\n2. Verify that the `virtctl` plugin is installed:\n\n kubectl plugin list\n\n If `kubectl-virt` is listed in the response, the plugin is successfully\n installed.\n\n If `kubectl-virt` is not listed, check the `install-virtctl.log` file as noted\n in the output of the previous `bmctl install` command, such as\n `bmctl-workspace/log/install-virtctl-[date]/install-virtctl.log`.\n\nCreate a VM\n\nIn this quickstart, you use the `kubectl` CLI to create a VM that uses a public\nVM image and default credentials.\n| **Note:** For instructions on creating a VM from a `VirtualMachine` YAML manifest file, see [Tutorial: Create and manage a Linux VM in VM Runtime on GDC](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/vm-runtime/tutorial-create-vm).\n\n1. Create a VM in your cluster. The `virtctl` plugin is used with the\n `kubectl` command:\n\n kubectl virt create vm \u003cvar label=\"name\" translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e \\\n --image ubuntu20.04 \\\n --configure-initial-password \u003cvar label=\"username\" translate=\"no\"\u003eUSERNAME\u003c/var\u003e:\u003cvar label=\"name\" translate=\"no\"\u003ePASSWORD\u003c/var\u003e\n\n This command creates an *Ubuntu 20.04* VM and defaults of *2* CPU, *4Gi*\n memory, and a *20Gi* boot disk in *ReadWriteOnce* mode using the\n *local-shared* storage class. Replace the following values:\n - \u003cvar scope=\"VM_NAME\" translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e: name for your VM. VM names must contain only lowercase alphanumeric characters or '-', start and end with an alphanumeric character, and contain at most 63 characters. For more information, see [RFC 1123 Label Names](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names/#dns-label-names) in the Kubernetes documentation.\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eUSERNAME\u003c/var\u003e: user name for the account to create on the VM.\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePASSWORD\u003c/var\u003e: password for the user account.\n\n If you receive an error about CLI parameters, verify that your cluster is at\n version `1.11.1` or higher and that you have the latest version of the\n `virtctl` client tool. For more information about CLI errors, consult the\n console log. For username and password rules, see the documentation for the\n guest operating system (OS). If something isn't working as expected, check for\n [VM Runtime on GDC known issues](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/troubleshooting/known-issues).\n | **Note:** The preceding command creates a YAML file, such as `vm-sample1.yaml`, in the `~/google-virtctl` directory. You can view the content of this file to see the definition of the Kubernetes resources that were created by VM Runtime on GDC.\n2. It can take a few minutes to create the VM. Check the status of the VM with\n the `kubectl` command:\n\n kubectl get gvm\n\n The following example output shows the VM in a `Running` state: \n\n NAME STATUS AGE IP\n vm-sample1 Running 64s 192.168.2.124\n\nConnect to your VM\n\nWhen your VM is running, connect to the console of the VM.\n\n1. To access a VM from the console, use `kubectl`:\n\n kubectl virt console \u003cvar scope=\"VM_NAME\" translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e\n\n2. When prompted, enter the user credentials you specified to create the VM.\n\n3. After you have successfully connected to the console of the VM, exit the VM\n session and console:\n\n Ctrl + ]\n\nClean up\n\nTo clean up the resources created in this quickstart, follow these steps.\n\n1. To delete the VM and associated DataVolume, use `kubectl`:\n\n kubectl virt delete vm \u003cvar scope=\"VM_NAME\" translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e --all\n\nWhat's next\n\n- [Manage the power state of a VM in Google Distributed Cloud](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/vm-runtime/manage-power-state).\n- [Edit a VM in Google Distributed Cloud](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/vm-runtime/edit-vm).\n- [View VM console logs in Google Distributed Cloud](/kubernetes-engine/distributed-cloud/bare-metal/docs/vm-runtime/view-console-logs)."]]