Install Anthos Service Mesh

This page explains how to install Anthos Service Mesh on GKE and on-premises platforms:

• Run asmcli to do a new installation of Anthos Service Mesh 1.15.7-asm.23.
• Optionally, deploy an ingress gateway.
• Deploy or redeploy your workloads to inject sidecar proxies.

Limitations

Note the following limitation:

• All Anthos Service Mesh clusters for one mesh must be registered to the same fleet at all times to use Anthos Service Mesh. Other clusters in the project of an Anthos Service Mesh cluster must not be registered to a different fleet.

• The asmcli tool must have access to the Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) endpoint. You can configure access through a "jump" server, such as a Compute Engine VM within the Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) giving specific access.

Before you begin

Before you begin, make sure that you:

• Review the prerequisites.
• Review the information in Plan the install.
• Install the required tools.
• Download asmcli.
• Grant cluster admin permissions.
• Validate project and cluster.

Install Anthos Service Mesh

The following outlines how to install Anthos Service Mesh:

1. Run asmcli install to install the in-cluster control plane on a single cluster. See the following sections for command line examples. The examples contain both required arguments and optional arguments that you might find useful. We recommend that you always specify the output_dir argument so that you can easily locate sample gateways and tools such as istioctl. See the navigation bar on the right for a list of the examples.

2. Private GKE clusters need an additional firewall configuration step to allow traffic to istiod.

3. Optionally, install an ingress gateway. By default, asmcli doesn't install the istio-ingressgateway. We recommend that you deploy and manage the control plane and gateways separately. If you need the default istio-ingressgateway installed with the in-cluster control plane, include the --option legacy-default-ingressgateway argument.

4. To complete setting up Anthos Service Mesh, you need to enable automatic sidecar injection and deploy or redeploy workloads.

5. If you are installing Anthos Service Mesh on more than one cluster, run asmcli install on each cluster. When you run asmcli install, be sure to use the same FLEET_PROJECT_ID for each cluster. After Anthos Service Mesh is installed, see the instructions to set up a multi-cluster mesh on GKE or off Google Cloud.

6. If your clusters are on different networks (as they are in island mode) then you should pass a unique network name to asmcli using the --network_id flag.

Install default features and Mesh CA

This section shows how to run asmcli to install Anthos Service Mesh with the default supported features for your platform and enable Anthos Service Mesh certificate authority (Mesh CA) as the certificate authority.

./asmcli install \
  --project_id PROJECT_ID \
  --cluster_name CLUSTER_NAME \
  --cluster_location CLUSTER_LOCATION \
  --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
  --output_dir DIR_PATH \
  --enable_all \
  --ca mesh_ca

Install default features and Certificate Authority (CA) Service

This section shows how to run asmcli to install Anthos Service Mesh with the default supported features for your platform and enable CA Service as the certificate authority.

In addition to Mesh CA, you can configure Anthos Service Mesh to use Certificate Authority Service. This guide provides you an opportunity to integrate with CA Service, which is recommended for the following use cases:

• If you need different certificate authorities to sign workload certificates on different clusters.
• If you want to use istiod Custom CA plugin certificates.
• If you need to back your signing keys in a managed HSM.
• If you are in a highly regulated industry and are subject to compliance.
• If you want to chain up your Anthos Service Mesh CA to a custom enterprise root certificate to sign workload certificates.

The cost of Mesh CA is included in the Anthos Service Mesh pricing. The CA Service isn't included in the base Anthos Service Mesh price and is charged separately. Additionally, CA Service comes with an explicit SLA, but the Mesh CA does not.

For this integration, all workloads in Anthos Service Mesh are granted IAM roles:

• privateca.workloadCertificateRequester
• privateca.auditor
• privateca.template (required if using a certificate template)

Configure CA Service

1. Create the CA pool in the tier DevOps and in the same region as the cluster that it serves to avoid excessive latency issues or potential cross-region outages. For more information, see Workload-optimized tiers.
2. Create the CA to have at least one active certificate authority in the CA pool in the same project as the GKE cluster. Use subordinate CA's to sign Anthos Service Mesh workload certificates. Note down the CA pool corresponding to the subordinate CA.

3. If it is meant to only service certificates for Anthos Service Mesh workloads, set up the following issuance policy for the CA pool:

   policy.yaml

   baselineValues:
     keyUsage:
       baseKeyUsage:
         digitalSignature: true
         keyEncipherment: true
       extendedKeyUsage:
         serverAuth: true
         clientAuth: true
     caOptions:
       isCa: false
   identityConstraints:
     allowSubjectPassthrough: false
     allowSubjectAltNamesPassthrough: true
     celExpression:
       expression: subject_alt_names.all(san, san.type == URI && san.value.startsWith("spiffe://PROJECT_ID.svc.id.goog/ns/") )
   

4. To update the CA pool's issuance policy, use the following command:

   gcloud privateca pools update CA_POOL --location ca_region --issuance-policy policy.yaml
   

   For information on setting a policy on a pool, see Using a certificate issuance policy.

5. If you are using a certificate template, then configure it now. For more information, follow the CA Service guide for workload identity certificates. Ensure the certificate template is created in the same region as the CA pool. If there are multiple regions for CA pools, then create a certificate template per region.

Configure Anthos Service Mesh to use CA Service

Install default features with Istio CA

This section explains how to:

• Generate certificates and keys for the Istio CA that Anthos Service Mesh uses to sign your workloads.
• Run asmcli to install Anthos Service Mesh with default features and enable Istio CA.

By default environments that install Anthos Service Mesh with Istio CA report metrics to Prometheus. If you want to use the Anthos Service Mesh dashboards, you must enable Stackdriver. For more information, see Install with optional features.

For the best security, we highly recommend maintaining an offline root CA and using the subordinate CAs to issue certificates for each cluster. For more information, see Plug in CA Certificates. In this configuration, all workloads in the service mesh use the same root certificate authority (CA). Each Anthos Service Mesh CA uses an intermediate CA signing key and certificate, signed by the root CA. When multiple CAs exist within a mesh, this establishes a hierarchy of trust among the CAs. You can repeat these steps to provision certificates and keys for any number of certificate authorities.

The Makefile to generate the certificates is located in the istio-1.15.7-asm.23 subdirectory in the --output_dir directory that you specified in the asmcli validate command. If you didn't run asmcli validate, or you don't have the downloaded directory locally, you can get the Makefile by downloading the Anthos Service Mesh installation file and extracting the contents.

1. Change to the istio-1.15.7-asm.23 directory.

2. Create a directory for the certificates and keys:

   mkdir -p certs && \
   pushd certs

3. Generate a root certificate and key:

   make -f ../tools/certs/Makefile.selfsigned.mk root-ca
   

   This generates these files:

   • root-cert.pem: the root certificate
   • root-key.pem: the root key
   • root-ca.conf: the configuration for openssl to generate the root certificate
   • root-cert.csr: the CSR for the root certificate

4. Generate an intermediate certificate and key:

   make -f ../tools/certs/Makefile.selfsigned.mk cluster1-cacerts

   This generates these files in a directory named cluster1:

   • ca-cert.pem: the intermediate certificates
   • ca-key.pem: the intermediate key
   • cert-chain.pem: the certificate chain which istiod uses
   • root-cert.pem: the root certificate

   If you perform these steps using an offline computer, copy the generated directory to a computer with access to the clusters.

5. Return to the previous directory:

   popd

6. Run asmcli to install a mesh using Istio CA:

   GKE

   Run the following command to install the control plane with default features and Istio CA. Enter your values in the provided placeholders.

    ./asmcli install \
      --project_id PROJECT_ID \
      --cluster_name CLUSTER_NAME \
      --cluster_location CLUSTER_LOCATION \
      --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
      --output_dir DIR_PATH \
      --enable_all \
      --ca citadel \
      --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
      --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
      --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
      --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH
   

   • --project_id, --cluster_name, and --cluster_location Specify the project ID that the cluster is in, the cluster name, and either the cluster zone or region.
   • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project. If you don't include this option, asmcli uses the project that the cluster was created in when registering the cluster.
   • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
   • --enable_all Allows the script to:
     • Grant required IAM permissions.
     • Enable the required Google APIs.
     • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
     • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.

   • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
   • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate
   • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate
   • --root_cert The root certificate
   • --cert_chain The certificate chain

   On-premises

   Run the following commands on GKE on VMware or Google Distributed Cloud Virtual for Bare Metal to install the control plane with default features and Istio CA. Enter your values in the provided placeholders.

   1. Set the current context to your user cluster:

      kubectl config use-context CLUSTER_NAME
      

   2. Run asmcli install:

      ./asmcli install \
        --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
        --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG_FILE \
        --output_dir DIR_PATH \
        --platform multicloud \
        --enable_all \
        --ca citadel \
        --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
        --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH
      

      • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project.
      • --kubeconfig The full path to the kubeconfig file. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here. Additionally, relative kubeconfig file locations that use a `~` will not work.
      • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
      • --platform multicloud Specifies that the platform is something other than Google Cloud, such as on-premises or multi-cloud.
      • --enable_all Allows the script to:
        • Grant required IAM permissions.
        • Enable the required Google APIs.
        • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
        • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.
      • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
      • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate
      • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate
      • --root_cert The root certificate
      • --cert_chain The certificate chain

   AWS

   Run the following commands on GKE on AWS to install the control plane with default features and Istio CA. Enter your values in the provided placeholders. You can choose to enable Ingress for the public subnet or the private subnet.

   Public

   1. Set the current context to your user cluster:

      kubectl config use-context CLUSTER_NAME
      

   2. Run asmcli install:

      ./asmcli install \
        --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
        --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG_FILE \
        --output_dir DIR_PATH \
        --platform multicloud \
        --enable_all \
        --ca citadel \
        --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
        --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH
      

      • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project.
      • --kubeconfig The full path to the kubeconfig file. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here. Additionally, relative kubeconfig file locations that use a `~` will not work.
      • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
      • --platform multicloud Specifies that the platform is something other than Google Cloud, such as on-premises or multi-cloud.
      • --enable_all Allows the script to:
        • Grant required IAM permissions.
        • Enable the required Google APIs.
        • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
        • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.
      • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
      • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate.
      • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate.
      • --root_cert The root certificate.
      • --cert_chain The certificate chain.

   Private

   1. Set the current context to your user cluster:

      kubectl config use-context CLUSTER_NAME
      

   2. Save the following YAML to a file called istio-operator-internal-lb.yaml:

      apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
      kind: IstioOperator
      spec:
        components:
          ingressGateways:
          - enabled: true
            k8s:
              serviceAnnotations:
                service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-internal: "true"
            name: istio-ingressgateway
      

   3. Run asmcli install:

      ./asmcli install \
        --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
        --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG_FILE \
        --output_dir DIR_PATH \
        --platform multicloud \
        --enable_all \
        --ca citadel \
        --ca_cert FILE_PATH \
        --ca_key FILE_PATH \
        --root_cert FILE_PATH \
        --cert_chain FILE_PATH \
        --custom_overlay istio-operator-internal-lb.yaml
      

      • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project.
      • --kubeconfig The full path to the kubeconfig file. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here. Additionally, relative kubeconfig file locations that use a `~` will not work.
      • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
      • --platform multicloud Specifies that the platform is something other than Google Cloud, such as on-premises or multi-cloud.
      • --enable_all Allows the script to:
        • Grant required IAM permissions.
        • Enable the required Google APIs.
        • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
        • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.
      • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
      • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate.
      • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate.
      • --root_cert The root certificate.
      • --cert_chain The certificate chain.
      • --custom_overlay The name of the overlay file created. For more information about overlay files, see Enabling optional features on the in-cluster control plane

   Amazon EKS

   Run the following commands on Amazon EKS to install the control plane with default features and Istio CA. Enter your values in the provided placeholders.

   1. Set the current context to your user cluster:

      kubectl config use-context CLUSTER_NAME
      

   2. Run asmcli install:

      ./asmcli install \
        --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
        --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG_FILE \
        --output_dir DIR_PATH \
        --platform multicloud \
        --enable_all \
        --ca citadel \
        --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
        --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH
      

      • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project.
      • --kubeconfig The full path to the kubeconfig file. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here. Additionally, relative kubeconfig file locations that use a `~` will not work.
      • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
      • --platform multicloud Specifies that the platform is something other than Google Cloud, such as on-premises or multi-cloud.
      • --enable_all Allows the script to:
        • Grant required IAM permissions.
        • Enable the required Google APIs.
        • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
        • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.
      • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
      • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate
      • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate
      • --root_cert The root certificate
      • --cert_chain The certificate chain

   Microsoft AKS

   Run the following commands on Microsoft AKS to install the control plane with default features and Istio CA. Enter your values in the provided placeholders.

   1. Set the current context to your user cluster:

      kubectl config use-context CLUSTER_NAME
      

   2. Run asmcli install:

      HUB_REGISTRATION_EXTRA_FLAGS=--has-private-issuer ./asmcli install \
        --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
        --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG_FILE \
        --output_dir DIR_PATH \
        --platform multicloud \
        --enable_all \
        --ca citadel \
        --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
        --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
        --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH
      

      • HUB_REGISTRATION_EXTRA_FLAGS=--has-private-issuer Allows registration with GKE Hub.
      • --fleet_id The project ID of the fleet host project.
      • --kubeconfig The full path to the kubeconfig file. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here. Additionally, relative kubeconfig file locations that use a `~` will not work.
      • --output_dir Include this option to specify a directory where asmcli downloads the anthos-service-mesh package and extracts the installation file, which contains istioctl, samples, and manifests. Otherwise asmcli downloads the files to a tmp directory. You can specify either a relative path or a full path. The environment variable $PWD doesn't work here.
      • --platform multicloud Specifies that the platform is something other than Google Cloud, such as on-premises or multi-cloud.
      • --enable_all Allows the script to:
        • Grant required IAM permissions.
        • Enable the required Google APIs.
        • Set a label on the cluster that identifies the mesh.
        • Register the cluster to the fleet if it isn't already registered.
      • -ca citadel Use Istio CA as the certificate authority.
      • --ca_cert The intermediate certificate
      • --ca_key The key for the intermediate certificate
      • --root_cert The root certificate
      • --cert_chain The certificate chain

Install with Istio CA with Google Cloud Observability enabled

If you want to use Anthos Service Mesh dashboards, you must enable Stackdriver.

./asmcli install \
   --project_id PROJECT_ID \
   --cluster_name CLUSTER_NAME \
   --cluster_location CLUSTER_LOCATION \
   --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
   --output_dir DIR_PATH \
   --enable_all \
   --ca citadel \
   --ca_cert CA_CERT_FILE_PATH \
   --ca_key CA_KEY_FILE_PATH \
   --root_cert ROOT_CERT_FILE_PATH \
   --cert_chain CERT_CHAIN_FILE_PATH

Install with optional features

An overlay file is a YAML file containing an IstioOperator custom resource (CR) that you pass to asmcli to configure the control plane. You can override the default control plane configuration and enable an optional feature by passing the YAML file to asmcli. You can layer on more overlays, and each overlay file overrides the configuration on the previous layers. As a best practice, we recommend that you save the overlay files in your version control system.

There are two options to enable optional features: --option and --custom_overlay.

Use --option to if you don't need to change the overlay file. With this method asmclifetches the file from the GitHub repository for you.

Use --custom_overlay when you need to customize the overlay file.

For more information, see Enabling optional features on the in-cluster control plane.

./asmcli install \
  --project_id PROJECT_ID \
  --cluster_name CLUSTER_NAME \
  --cluster_location CLUSTER_LOCATION \
  --fleet_id FLEET_PROJECT_ID \
  --output_dir DIR_PATH \
  --enable_all \
  --ca mesh_ca \
  --custom_overlay OVERLAY_FILE

Install gateways

Anthos Service Mesh gives you the option to deploy and manage gateways as part of your service mesh. A gateway describes a load balancer operating at the edge of the mesh receiving incoming or outgoing HTTP/TCP connections. Gateways are Envoy proxies that provide you with fine-grained control over traffic entering and leaving the mesh.

1. Create a namespace for the ingress gateway if you don't already have one. Gateways are user workloads, and as a best practice, they shouldn't be deployed in the control plane namespace. Replace GATEWAY_NAMESPACE with the name of your namespace.

   kubectl create namespace GATEWAY_NAMESPACE
   

   Expected output:

   namespace/GATEWAY_NAMESPACE created
   

2. Enable auto-injection on the gateway. The steps required depend on whether you want to use default injection labels (for example, istio-injection=enabled) or the revision label on the gateway namespace. The default revision tag and revision label are used by the sidecar injector webhook to associate injected proxies with a particular control plane revision.

   Default injection labels

   Apply the default injection labels to the namespace.

   kubectl label namespace GATEWAY_NAMESPACE istio-injection=enabled istio.io/rev-
   

   Revision label

   1. Use the following command to locate the revision label on istiod:

      kubectl get deploy -n istio-system -l app=istiod -o \
        "jsonpath={.items[*].metadata.labels['istio\.io/rev']}{'\n'}"
      

      The command outputs the revision label that corresponds to the Anthos Service Mesh version, for example: asm-1157-23

   2. Apply the revision label to the namespace. In the following command, REVISION is the value of the istiod revision label that you noted in the previous step.

      kubectl label namespace GATEWAY_NAMESPACE \
        istio.io/rev=REVISION --overwrite
      

      Expected output:

      namespace/GATEWAY_NAMESPACE labeled
      

   You can ignore the message "istio.io/rev" not found in the output. That means that the namespace didn't previously have the istio.io/rev label, which you should expect in new installations of Anthos Service Mesh or new deployments. Because auto-injection fails if a namespace has both the istio.io/rev and the istio-injection label, all kubectl label commands in the Anthos Service Mesh documentation explicitly specify both labels.

   If the gateway namespace is not labelled, the istio-ingressgateway pods will fail with an ImagePullBackOff error when the gateway attempts to pull and the auto image. This image should be replaced by the webhook.

3. Download the example ingress gateway .yaml configuration file from the anthos-service-mesh-packages repository.

4. Apply the example ingress gateway .yaml configuration as is, or modify as needed.

   kubectl apply -n GATEWAY_NAMESPACE \
     -f CONFIG_PATH/istio-ingressgateway
   

   Expected output:

   deployment.apps/istio-ingressgateway created
   poddisruptionbudget.policy/istio-ingressgateway created
   horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling/istio-ingressgateway created
   role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/istio-ingressgateway created
   rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/istio-ingressgateway created
   service/istio-ingressgateway created
   serviceaccount/istio-ingressgateway created
   

Learn more about best practices for gateways.

Deploy and redeploy workloads

Anthos Service Mesh uses sidecar proxies to enhance network security, reliability, and observability. With Anthos Service Mesh, these functions are abstracted away from the application's primary container and implemented in a common out-of-process proxy delivered as a separate container in the same Pod.

Your installation isn't complete until you enable automatic sidecar proxy injection (auto-injection) and restart the Pods for any workloads that were running on your cluster before you installed Anthos Service Mesh.

To enable auto-injection, you label your namespaces with the default injection labels if the default tag is set up, or a revision label that was set on istiod when you installed Anthos Service Mesh. The default revision tag and revision label are used by the sidecar injector webhook to associate injected sidecars with an istiod revision. After adding the label, any existing Pods in the namespace must be restarted for sidecars to be injected.

Before you deploy new workloads in a new namespace, make sure to configure auto-injection so that Anthos Service Mesh can monitor and secure traffic.

1. The steps required to enable auto-injection depend on whether you want to use default injection labels or the revision label:

   Default injection labels

   In the following command, NAMESPACE is the name of the namespace where you want to enable auto-injection.

   kubectl label namespace NAMESPACE istio-injection=enabled istio.io/rev-
   

   Since the default injection labels will inject the revision the default tag is pointing to, there is no need to relabel namespaces.

   Revision label

   1. Use the following command to locate the revision label on istiod:

      kubectl -n istio-system get pods -l app=istiod --show-labels
      

      The output looks similar to the following:

      NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   LABELS
      istiod-asm-1157-23-5788d57586-bljj4   1/1     Running   0          23h   app=istiod,istio.io/rev=asm-1157-23,istio=istiod,pod-template-hash=5788d57586
      istiod-asm-1157-23-5788d57586-vsklm   1/1     Running   1          23h   app=istiod,istio.io/rev=asm-1157-23,istio=istiod,pod-template-hash=5788d57586

      In the output, under the LABELS column, note the value of the istiod revision label, which follows the prefix istio.io/rev=. In this example, the value is asm-1157-23.

   2. Apply the revision label and remove the istio-injection label if it exists. In the following command, NAMESPACE is the name of the namespace where you want to enable auto-injection, and REVISION is the revision label you noted in the previous step.

      kubectl label namespace NAMESPACE istio-injection- istio.io/rev=REVISION --overwrite
      

      You can ignore the message "istio-injection not found" in the output. That means that the namespace didn't previously have the istio-injection label, which you should expect in new installations of Anthos Service Mesh or new deployments. Because auto-injection fails if a namespace has both the istio-injection and the revision label, all kubectl label commands in the Anthos Service Mesh documentation explicitly specify both labels.

2. If workloads were running on your cluster before you installed Anthos Service Mesh, restart the Pods to trigger re-injection.

   How you restart Pods depends on your application and the environment the cluster is in. For example, in your staging environment, you might simply delete all the Pods, which causes them to restart. But in your production environment, you might have a process that implements a blue-green deployment so that you can safely restart Pods to avoid traffic interruption.

   You can use kubectl to perform a rolling restart:

   kubectl rollout restart deployment -n NAMESPACE
   

What's next?

• Learn about setting up a multi-cluster mesh:

  • If your mesh consists entirely of GKE clusters, see Set up a multi-cluster mesh on GKE.

  • If you mesh consists of clusters outside of Google Cloud, see Set up a multi-cluster mesh outside of Google Cloud.

• Configure an external IP address on-premises.

• Deploy the Online Boutique sample application.