Use signed URLs

import (
	"crypto/hmac"
	"crypto/sha1"
	"encoding/base64"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// SignURL creates a signed URL for an endpoint on Cloud CDN.
//
// - url must start with "https://" and should not have the "Expires", "KeyName", or "Signature"
// query parameters.
// - key should be in raw form (not base64url-encoded) which is 16-bytes long.
// - keyName must match a key added to the backend service or bucket.
func signURL(url, keyName string, key []byte, expiration time.Time) string {
	sep := "?"
	if strings.Contains(url, "?") {
		sep = "&"
	}
	url += sep
	url += fmt.Sprintf("Expires=%d", expiration.Unix())
	url += fmt.Sprintf("&KeyName=%s", keyName)

	mac := hmac.New(sha1.New, key)
	mac.Write([]byte(url))
	sig := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil))
	url += fmt.Sprintf("&Signature=%s", sig)
	return url
}

def signed_url url:, key_name:, key:, expiration:
  # url        = "URL of the endpoint served by Cloud CDN"
  # key_name   = "Name of the signing key added to the Google Cloud Storage bucket or service"
  # key        = "Signing key as urlsafe base64 encoded string"
  # expiration = Ruby Time object with expiration time

  require "base64"
  require "openssl"
  require "time"

  # Decode the URL safe base64 encode key
  decoded_key = Base64.urlsafe_decode64 key

  # Get UTC time in seconds
  expiration_utc = expiration.utc.to_i

  # Determine which separator makes sense given a URL
  separator = "?"
  separator = "&" if url.include? "?"

  # Concatenate url with expected query parameters Expires and KeyName
  url = "#{url}#{separator}Expires=#{expiration_utc}&KeyName=#{key_name}"

  # Sign the url using the key and url safe base64 encode the signature
  signature         = OpenSSL::HMAC.digest "SHA1", decoded_key, url
  encoded_signature = Base64.urlsafe_encode64 signature

  # Concatenate the URL and encoded signature
  signed_url = "#{url}&Signature=#{encoded_signature}"
end

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates signed URL for Google Cloud SDN
        /// More details about order of operations is here: 
        /// <see cref="https://cloud.google.com/cdn/docs/using-signed-urls#programmatically_creating_signed_urls"/>
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">The Url to sign. This URL can't include Expires and KeyName query parameters in it</param>
        /// <param name="keyName">The name of the key used to sign the URL</param>
        /// <param name="encodedKey">The key used to sign the Url</param>
        /// <param name="expirationTime">Expiration time of the signature</param>
        /// <returns>Signed Url that is valid until {expirationTime}</returns>
        public static string CreateSignedUrl(string url, string keyName, string encodedKey, DateTime expirationTime)
        {
            var builder = new UriBuilder(url);

            long unixTimestampExpiration = ToUnixTime(expirationTime);

            char queryParam = string.IsNullOrEmpty(builder.Query) ? '?' : '&';
            builder.Query += $"{queryParam}Expires={unixTimestampExpiration}&KeyName={keyName}".ToString();

            // Key is passed as base64url encoded
            byte[] decodedKey = Base64UrlDecode(encodedKey);

            // Computes HMAC SHA-1 hash of the URL using the key
            byte[] hash = ComputeHash(decodedKey, builder.Uri.AbsoluteUri);
            string encodedHash = Base64UrlEncode(hash);

            builder.Query += $"&Signature={encodedHash}";
            return builder.Uri.AbsoluteUri;
        }

        private static long ToUnixTime(DateTime date)
        {
            var epoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
            return Convert.ToInt64((date - epoch).TotalSeconds);
        }

        private static byte[] Base64UrlDecode(string arg)
        {
            string s = arg;
            s = s.Replace('-', '+'); // 62nd char of encoding
            s = s.Replace('_', '/'); // 63rd char of encoding

            return Convert.FromBase64String(s); // Standard base64 decoder
        }

        private static string Base64UrlEncode(byte[] inputBytes)
        {
            var output = Convert.ToBase64String(inputBytes);

            output = output.Replace('+', '-')      // 62nd char of encoding
                           .Replace('/', '_');     // 63rd char of encoding

            return output;
        }

        private static byte[] ComputeHash(byte[] secretKey, string signatureString)
        {
            var enc = Encoding.ASCII;
            using (HMACSHA1 hmac = new HMACSHA1(secretKey))
            {
                hmac.Initialize();

                byte[] buffer = enc.GetBytes(signatureString);

                return hmac.ComputeHash(buffer);
            }
        }

/** Samples to create a signed URL for a Cloud CDN endpoint */
public class SignedUrls {

  /**
   * Creates a signed URL for a Cloud CDN endpoint with the given key
   * URL must start with http:// or https://, and must contain a forward
   * slash (/) after the hostname.
   *
   * @param url the Cloud CDN endpoint to sign
   * @param key url signing key uploaded to the backend service/bucket, as a 16-byte array
   * @param keyName the name of the signing key added to the back end bucket or service
   * @param expirationTime the date that the signed URL expires
   * @return a properly formatted signed URL
   * @throws InvalidKeyException when there is an error generating the signature for the input key
   * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException when HmacSHA1 algorithm is not available in the environment
   */
  public static String signUrl(String url,
                               byte[] key,
                               String keyName,
                               Date expirationTime)
          throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

    final long unixTime = expirationTime.getTime() / 1000;

    String urlToSign = url
                        + (url.contains("?") ? "&" : "?")
                        + "Expires=" + unixTime
                        + "&KeyName=" + keyName;

    String encoded = SignedUrls.getSignature(key, urlToSign);
    return urlToSign + "&Signature=" + encoded;
  }

  public static String getSignature(byte[] privateKey, String input)
      throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

    final String algorithm = "HmacSHA1";
    final int offset = 0;
    Key key = new SecretKeySpec(privateKey, offset, privateKey.length, algorithm);
    Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(algorithm);
    mac.init(key);
    return  Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString(mac.doFinal(input.getBytes()));
  }

import argparse
import base64
from datetime import datetime, timezone
import hashlib
import hmac
from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlsplit


def sign_url(
    url: str,
    key_name: str,
    base64_key: str,
    expiration_time: datetime,
) -> str:
    """Gets the Signed URL string for the specified URL and configuration.

    Args:
        url: URL to sign.
        key_name: name of the signing key.
        base64_key: signing key as a base64 encoded string.
        expiration_time: expiration time as time-zone aware datetime.

    Returns:
        Returns the Signed URL appended with the query parameters based on the
        specified configuration.
    """
    stripped_url = url.strip()
    parsed_url = urlsplit(stripped_url)
    query_params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query, keep_blank_values=True)
    epoch = datetime.fromtimestamp(0, timezone.utc)
    expiration_timestamp = int((expiration_time - epoch).total_seconds())
    decoded_key = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(base64_key)

    url_to_sign = f"{stripped_url}{'&' if query_params else '?'}Expires={expiration_timestamp}&KeyName={key_name}"

    digest = hmac.new(decoded_key, url_to_sign.encode("utf-8"), hashlib.sha1).digest()
    signature = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(digest).decode("utf-8")

    return f"{url_to_sign}&Signature={signature}"

/**
 * Decodes base64url (RFC4648 Section 5) string
 *
 * @param string $input base64url encoded string
 *
 * @return string
 */
function base64url_decode($input)
{
    $input .= str_repeat('=', (4 - strlen($input) % 4) % 4);
    return base64_decode(strtr($input, '-_', '+/'), true);
}

/**
* Encodes a string with base64url (RFC4648 Section 5)
* Keeps the '=' padding by default.
*
* @param string $input   String to be encoded
* @param bool   $padding Keep the '=' padding
*
* @return string
*/
function base64url_encode($input, $padding = true)
{
    $output = strtr(base64_encode($input), '+/', '-_');
    return ($padding) ? $output : str_replace('=', '',  $output);
}

/**
 * Creates signed URL for Google Cloud CDN
 * Details about order of operations: https://cloud.google.com/cdn/docs/using-signed-urls#creating_signed_urls
 *
 * Example function invocation (In production store the key safely with other secrets):
 *
 *     <?php
 *     $base64UrlKey = 'wpLL7f4VB9RNe_WI0BBGmA=='; // head -c 16 /dev/urandom | base64 | tr +/ -_
 *     $signedUrl = sign_url('https://example.com/foo', 'my-key', $base64UrlKey, time() + 1800);
 *     echo $signedUrl;
 *     ?>
 *
 * @param string $url             URL of the endpoint served by Cloud CDN
 * @param string $keyName         Name of the signing key added to the Google Cloud Storage bucket or service
 * @param string $base64UrlKey    Signing key as base64url (RFC4648 Section 5) encoded string
 * @param int    $expirationTime  Expiration time as a UNIX timestamp (GMT, e.g. time())
 *
 * @return string
 */
function sign_url($url, $keyName, $base64UrlKey, $expirationTime)
{
    // Decode the key
    $decodedKey = base64url_decode($base64UrlKey);

    // Determine which separator makes sense given a URL
    $separator = (strpos($url, '?') === false) ? '?' : '&';

    // Concatenate url with expected query parameters Expires and KeyName
    $url = "{$url}{$separator}Expires={$expirationTime}&KeyName={$keyName}";

    // Sign the url using the key and encode the signature using base64url
    $signature = hash_hmac('sha1', $url, $decodedKey, true);
    $encodedSignature = base64url_encode($signature);

    // Concatenate the URL and encoded signature
    return "{$url}&Signature={$encodedSignature}";
}

import (
	"crypto/hmac"
	"crypto/sha1"
	"encoding/base64"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// SignURLWithPrefix creates a signed URL prefix for an endpoint on Cloud CDN.
// Prefixes allow access to any URL with the same prefix, and can be useful for
// granting access broader content without signing multiple URLs.
//
// - urlPrefix must start with "https://" and should not include query parameters.
// - key should be in raw form (not base64url-encoded) which is 16-bytes long.
// - keyName must match a key added to the backend service or bucket.
func signURLWithPrefix(urlPrefix, keyName string, key []byte, expiration time.Time) (string, error) {
	if strings.Contains(urlPrefix, "?") {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("urlPrefix must not include query params: %s", urlPrefix)
	}

	encodedURLPrefix := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(urlPrefix))
	input := fmt.Sprintf("URLPrefix=%s&Expires=%d&KeyName=%s",
		encodedURLPrefix, expiration.Unix(), keyName)

	mac := hmac.New(sha1.New, key)
	mac.Write([]byte(input))
	sig := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil))

	signedValue := fmt.Sprintf("%s&Signature=%s", input, sig)

	return signedValue, nil
}

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.util.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class SignedUrlWithPrefix {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.

    // The name of the signing key must match a key added to the back end bucket or service.
    String keyName = "YOUR-KEY-NAME";
    // Path to the URL signing key uploaded to the backend service/bucket.
    String keyPath = "/path/to/key";
    // The date that the signed URL expires.
    long expirationTime = ZonedDateTime.now().plusDays(1).toEpochSecond();
    // URL of request
    String requestUrl = "https://media.example.com/videos/id/main.m3u8?userID=abc123&starting_profile=1";
    // URL prefix to sign as a string. URL prefix must start with either "http://" or "https://"
    // and must not include query parameters.
    String urlPrefix = "https://media.example.com/videos/";

    // Read the key as a base64 url-safe encoded string, then convert to byte array.
    // Key used in signing must be in raw form (not base64url-encoded).
    String base64String = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(keyPath)),
        StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    byte[] keyBytes = Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(base64String);

    // Sign the url with prefix
    String signUrlWithPrefixResult = signUrlWithPrefix(requestUrl,
        urlPrefix, keyBytes, keyName, expirationTime);
    System.out.println(signUrlWithPrefixResult);
  }

  // Creates a signed URL with a URL prefix for a Cloud CDN endpoint with the given key. Prefixes
  // allow access to any URL with the same prefix, and can be useful for granting access broader
  // content without signing multiple URLs.
  static String signUrlWithPrefix(String requestUrl, String urlPrefix, byte[] key, String keyName,
      long expirationTime)
      throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

    // Validate input URL prefix.
    try {
      URL validatedUrlPrefix = new URL(urlPrefix);
      if (!validatedUrlPrefix.getProtocol().startsWith("http")) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "urlPrefix must start with either http:// or https://: " + urlPrefix);
      }
      if (validatedUrlPrefix.getQuery() != null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("urlPrefix must not include query params: " + urlPrefix);
      }
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("urlPrefix malformed: " + urlPrefix);
    }

    String encodedUrlPrefix = Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString(urlPrefix.getBytes(
        StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    String urlToSign = "URLPrefix=" + encodedUrlPrefix
        + "&Expires=" + expirationTime
        + "&KeyName=" + keyName;

    String encoded = getSignatureForUrl(key, urlToSign);
    return requestUrl + "&" + urlToSign + "&Signature=" + encoded;
  }

  // Creates signature for input url with private key.
  private static String getSignatureForUrl(byte[] privateKey, String input)
      throws InvalidKeyException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {

    final String algorithm = "HmacSHA1";
    final int offset = 0;
    Key key = new SecretKeySpec(privateKey, offset, privateKey.length, algorithm);
    Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(algorithm);
    mac.init(key);
    return Base64.getUrlEncoder()
        .encodeToString(mac.doFinal(input.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
  }
}

import argparse
import base64
from datetime import datetime, timezone
import hashlib
import hmac
from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlsplit


def sign_url_prefix(
    url: str,
    url_prefix: str,
    key_name: str,
    base64_key: str,
    expiration_time: datetime,
) -> str:
    """Gets the Signed URL string for the specified URL prefix and configuration.

    Args:
        url: URL of request.
        url_prefix: URL prefix to sign.
        key_name: name of the signing key.
        base64_key: signing key as a base64 encoded string.
        expiration_time: expiration time as time-zone aware datetime.

    Returns:
        Returns the Signed URL appended with the query parameters based on the
        specified URL prefix and configuration.
    """
    stripped_url = url.strip()
    parsed_url = urlsplit(stripped_url)
    query_params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query, keep_blank_values=True)
    encoded_url_prefix = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
        url_prefix.strip().encode("utf-8")
    ).decode("utf-8")
    epoch = datetime.fromtimestamp(0, timezone.utc)
    expiration_timestamp = int((expiration_time - epoch).total_seconds())
    decoded_key = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(base64_key)

    policy = f"URLPrefix={encoded_url_prefix}&Expires={expiration_timestamp}&KeyName={key_name}"

    digest = hmac.new(decoded_key, policy.encode("utf-8"), hashlib.sha1).digest()
    signature = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(digest).decode("utf-8")

    return f"{stripped_url}{'&' if query_params else '?'}{policy}&Signature={signature}"